Safety appliance for electric-railway trains.



No. 892,712. PATENTED JULY 7, 1908.

. A. H. DAUS.

SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR ELECTRIC RAILWAY TRAINS.

APPLICATION FILED DBO.Z.190'7.

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dv'tness as: fizvenar' M w. W. .fldaz h zzzwzw No. 892,712. PATENTED JULY 7, 1908. A. H. DAUS. v

SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR ELEGTRID RAILWAY TRAINS.

APPLICATION FILED n .2..19o7.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

LUZ/$72553 65/ M 4 M To all whom it may concern:

ADOLPH H. DAUS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SAFETY APPLIANCEFFOR ELECTRIC-RAILWAY TRAINS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 7, 1908.

Application filed December 2, 1907. Serial No. 104,794.

Be it known that I, ADOLPH H. DAUS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Safety Appliances for Electric-Railway Trains, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

It is an obj ectof my invention to provide improvements in interlocking safety devices on carselectrically driven, to prevent accidents resulting from the brakes being. in a condition to prevent control of the train.

My invention is particularly applicable to v systems of train operation in 1ch one or more cars of the train are equipped with electric motors for driving such cars and these motors are jointly controlled from a master controller located as desired on the train.

In common practice several of the-cars of the train may be provided with such master controllers, and whether there is a motor on one car only or there are motors on several of the cars, the control exercisedfrom each of the controllers governs all of the motors. In systems. of this character, air brakes are usually employed to stop the train, and my invention specifically consists in means associated with the controlling valves of such air brake system by which, ifsuch valves are not properlyset to permit the o eration of the brakes, the control exercised y the controllers is interrupted and can only be restored by properly setting such valves.

In systems of control of the class above described, it is usual to run controlling leads through the train and toconnect these leads to the several controllers, .such'leads being connected to the electromagnetic mechanism employed to operate the motor, or, in case several motors are in operation on the train,

. a plurality of such electromagnetic mechanisms are thus connected. An air controlling valve is usually associated with each controller and my invention in its simplest form consists in switching means associated with each of such valves for interrupting the main operating circuit of'the associated controller 1f the valve is-in a position to prevent applying the brakes and for closing a low resistance path between the controlling leads used to control the main operating circuit of the motor or motors when the valve is in a position to permit the operation ,of the brake mechanism. As long as this path is closed all other controllers on the train are rendered inoperative. Thus it will be seen I have necessitated by my invention, for rendering any controller operative, that" the valve associated therewith must be in a osition to permit the operation of the bra e mechanism and all the other valves must be in a position to prevent the operation of such mechanism Thus, my invential in two wires. extending through t e car or cars of a train. My present invention provides for the short-circuiting of these Wires or conductors whenever the air brake controlling mechanism is not in a proper con dition for the contemplated operation of the train.

Other features of my invention not here s ecifically indicated, will appear from the escription below.

The several drawings illustrating my invention are as follows; Figure 1 shows'in diagrammatic view. the operating mechanism for controlling the motors on a train, and associated therewith air brake operating mechanism ada ted to'embody my inven-' tion; Figs. 2 an 3 are detailed front and top views of devices which I preferably attach to onev of the air pipes of the braking system to cooperate with a valve in such pipe for accomplishing the'resultsto be described; Fig. 4 shows in detailed sectional view a modified form of operating mechanism for the main switch of the: main motor circuit, and- Fig. 5 shows in detailed sectional view a modified form of air controlled switching mechanism for insuring proper. working conditions in the air brake system before the car can be operated. 7

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noticed that several sets of identical mechanism are indi cated, that is, a controller 0 and brake con trolling mechanism V, represented as associated with each end of each of two cars, the dividing line between such cars being indicated by the dotted line :0, y. i

The system of control herein represented is that well known in the art, in which a master controller located at either end of any car in a train may control switching mechanism for regulating the speed of a motor on one of such cars or motors on several of such cars. As shown,in the drawings, 10, 11 and 12 are conductors arranged to extend throughout the train, being connected fromcar to car by jumper connections, as shown, and from these conductors connections are made to the controller 0, as indicated. This controller consists of several movable contact sections, as c, c, and c electrically connected and arranged in accordance with ordinary construction to move together. Another section c is also adapted to be moved with the sections just mentioned. These several sections are arranged to make contact with a number of contact points when such sections are moved in the operation of control, and in a manner well known in the art the several circuits closed by such operation are adapted to operate switching mechanism for controlling the driving motors of the car, as a result of which controller 0 controls these motors and therefore the motion of the'car. Inthis connection, we are concerned with but one of the circuits controlled by the controller C, this being a circuit adapted to 0 erate the main switch of the motor controlling mechanism by which an operative circuit is closed through the driving motors, after which the controller further operates to establish various speed conditions of such motors, as desired. A storage battery 13 is usually connected, as indicated, between conductors 11 and 12 to operate the switching mechanism.

When the controller C is moved so as to bring the section 0 into engagement with the contacts 3 and 4, assumingthat the line switch s is thrown in the position shown in dotted lines, a circuit is closed as follows:

Battery B, conductor 11, wire 6, contact 16, switch 17, contact 15, wire 5, contact 4', section 0 contact 3, wire 14, resistance r, contact 13, switch 8, wire 9, contact 18, switch s, contact 19, wire 8, conductor 10, wire 28, solenoid 27, wire 29, conductor 12 back to battery B. For this position of the controller C itwill be understood the section 4: is moved out of engagement with the contacts 1 and 2, so that connection between wires 7 and 9 is opened. As a result of the circuit above described, the solenoid 27 is energized by which the core 26 is drawn downwardly against the resistance of the spring 45, closing switch 8 and an operating circu1t through the motors as follows: third rail shoe s wire 24, switch 8 contact 25, resistance 1* and thence in series through the motors M, M and field windings f, f to ground back to the source of energy used to drive the cars. The spring 45 serves to return the core 26 to its normal position and to thereby open the switch 8 when the solenoid 27 is not energized. A trolley T is shown as connected to the wire 24 in order-that power may be taken from an overhead trolley instead of a third rail, if desired. The closing of the circuit through the motors results in starting the same, and by successive positions of the controller C the value of the resistance 1* may be varied as desired, and other changes in the relations of the motors M, M to the operating circuit may be effected in any well-known way familiar to those versed in the art.

The air brake controlling system shownin connection with this invention consists in a motor M adapted to drive an air ump P connected to an air tank R and supp y pipe 12 for furnishi air as required to operate the bra mec anism. This pipe 19 extends throug out the train, as does a second pipe p known as the train pipe. Connections are made from the pipes 11 and p at each position of cbntrol by pipes p and p respectively, through valves 1; and v to a controlling valve of a type well known in theart. A third pipe p, known as the exhaust pipe, is also connected to this 0 crating valve. A valve 02 is connected wit the train pipe p and there are also connected tothis valve c an air tank R and operating cylinder 23 for operating the brakes. The valve o is adapted to be operated in such a manner that when the pressure in the pipe p reaches a certain amount this valve is operated to o ena passageway between the pipe 1) an tank R This condition is maintained as long as the pressure in the pipe 1) is maintained, and when the'air is permitted to escape from the pipe 1 and the pressure is thereby diminishedlhelow a certain predetermined amount, the valve 1) o erates to form a assage between the tan R and the cylin er 23, as a result of which the air in the tank R serves to'set the brakes in a 'manner well known. When the pressure in the pipe p. is again increased tothe amount required to operate the valve 0 connection is again established betweenthe pipe 10 and the tank R through I such valve and an exhaust passage is opened from the cylinder 23 by which the brakes are released. y

In order to provide that the conditions in 'the air brake system shall be proper for operating the train, I make use of a switch 8 associated with the operating handle of the valve 1; by which, when the valve v is in a position to open the pipe 1) to the operating'valve, connection wil be established between the contacts 18 and 19 and therefore the operat ing circuit through the solenoid 27 will be established upon actuation of the controller C p or the supplypipe in the manner already described, From this it will be seen that if the valve '0 is not in an open position so that air can be supplied from the supply pipe 1) to the train pipe 12 the contro ler C is rendered inoperative by the opening'of its circuit between contacts 18 and '19. It is to be noted in this connection that there is also a valve '0 located in the supply pipe and that the operating handles on valves 0 and c are so related that. the valve '0 must be opened before the valve 4) can be opened, and hence the switch 8 constitutes a means by which both of these valves must be in open or operative position, that is, a position to permit the operation of the brake mechanism, in order to complete the operating circuit of the controller. I As shown diagrammatically in connection with the supply pipe 1), an air operated mechanism 1s made use of to control the switch 17 as a result of which, if the air pressure in the supply pi e is not sufficient to operate the brake mec anism, the switch 17 is maintained inopen position and is not closed until the air pressure has been increased sufficiently to operate the brake mechanism,for which condition the switch 17 isclosed. Thismechanism consists of a cylinder 20 in which a piston 21 is adapted to move against the resistance of a spring 22. The switch 17, as indicated, is connected to the piston21, so that movement of the piston by the air pressure in, the cylinder will operate such switch; The spring 22 is adjusted for the air pressure used in the supply pipe to cause the piston and associated switch to operate as indicated above. As shown in Fig. 5, the tension of the s ring 22 may be regu-v lated by ineans ofthe t readed plug 30 in the end of the cylinder. to provide for adjusting this switch mechanism for various air pressures.

My system includes a further protective feature, as a result of which, if the air controlling valves are not left in a position to. permit the operation of the air brakemechanism from another location. on the train, the solenoid 27 will be renderedino erative, thus indicating that at some poirit t e relation of the valves is not right and requiring the proper ad'ustment of such valves before the train can e started. This condition maybe illustrated. with regard to the ;controller 0 as follows: The controller is shown in normal or neutral position, that is, the o sition in which it is left when it is desired to operate the train from one of the other' controllers. For this condition the valves '0 and u should occupy a vertical position in order to'shut off t e pipes 12 and p and thus positively prevent improper opening of the trainpipe by means of the oper- 1 atin valve associate with the controller C.

In t e event, however, of the valves being carelessly or maliciously moved to a position tact 19, wire 8, conductor '10, that is, a circuit of very low resistance is closed across the conductors 10 and 12, and hence this path of low resistance will take any current delivered to the conductors 10 and 12 by another of the controlling mechanisms, instead of such current going through solenoids 27 to operate the same, and hencefor this condition the solenoids 27 arerendered inoperative.

I have above described in detail the controlling mechanism for but one end of one car, and, this description applies equally to the other controlling mechanisms used, as well as to the brake and motor mechanism indicated on the second car and hence no detailed description of these other controlling and operating mechanisms is necessary.

As shown in Fig. 1, the controllers C C and C are in neutral position and the valves in the supply-and train pi e connections are in closed position, while t e line switches .at

the controller are 0 en,'all of which should be to Iproperly contro the train from the contro er C.

In Figs. 2 and 3, I have shown in detail one form of construction of the switch 8 and means for securing such switch to the pipe 12 A su porting member 38 is arranged to carry the ase 39 of insulating material to which contacts 18 and 19 are secured. This supporting member 38 is adapted to be clamped to the pipe p a clip 37 as-indicatedi A lever 36 pivoted at 40 to the base 39 has secured thereto by insulating means, theswitch member s adapted to engage the contacts 18 and 19flor to be disengaged there: from as such-leveris moved upon its pivot. This lever has formed in its outer end a slot, as indicated, "to en age a screw 35 secured in the operating han le 34 of the valve 1) as a resultof which when the handle 34 is moved from the osition indicated to a vertical position the ever 36 is moved upon its pivot 40 so as to disengage the .switch 8 from the contacts 18 and 1 1 In 4, I have shown a modified form of mechanism for operating the main switch 8 in which the solenoid 27 is adapted to operate a needle valve 44 by means of a core 42 and to thereby open connection from a pi e 1) adapted to be connected with the supply pi e pythe air pressure thus admitted by the va ve serving to move the iston 32 in the cylinder 31 against the tension of the spring 33. A spring 43 is provided to insure the closing 0 is not energized; After the switch s is actuated by this means when the solenoid 27 is the valve 44 when the solenoid 27 deenergized, the valve 44 isreturned to its seat and an exhaust passage 41, which is closed by the valve 44 in its operative position, is opened to permit the air in the cylinder 31 to escape and to permit the spring 33 to move theswitch s to its open position.

While I have shown my invention in the particular embodiment herein described, I do not, however, limit myself tov this construction but claim all equivalent constructions and modifications that will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

. 1. In combination with a car ada ted to be electrically driven, a motor t erefor, means for supplying electric energy from feeders to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on such car adapted to control the energizing circuit of such electromagnetic mechanism, brake mechanismc'arried by such car, operating means for such brake mechanism, and means associated.

with such operating means for closing a low resistance path between the terminals of such electromagnetic mechanism when such operating means is in a condition to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

2. In combination with a car ada ted to be electrically driven, a motor t erefor, means for supplying electric energy from feeders to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switchin mechanism, two controllers on such car eac adapted to control the energizing circuit of such electroma netic mechanism, brake mechanism carried by'such car, operating means for such brake mechanism associated with each controller, and means associated with each of such operating means for closing a low resistance path-between the terminals of such electromagnetic mechanism when such operating means is in a condition to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

3. In combination with a car adapted to be electrically driven, a motor therefor, means for supplying electric energy from feeders to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such' circui.t,- electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switching mechanism, two controllers on such car each adapted to control the energizing circuit of such elec tromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such car, mechanism for pneumatically operating such brakes, a valve associated with each controller, each of such valves adapted to control the o eration of such neumatic mechanism, an a switch associated with each valve for closin a low resistance path between the termina s of such electromagnetic mechanism when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

4. In a system of train'control, a plurality of cars, an electric motor carried by one of such cars, means forsupplying electric energy to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on each of such cars adapted to control the energizing circuit of such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such cars, mechanism for neumatically operating such brakes, a va ve for controlling the operation of such neumatic mechanism, and means associate closing a low resistance path between the terminals of such electromagnetic mechanism when such valve is in a osition to permit the operation of such bra es.

5. In a system oftrain control, a plurality of cars, an electric'motor carried by one of such cars, means for supplying electric energy to the operating circuit ofsuch motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switching mechan- .80 with such valve for I ism, a controller on each of such cars adapted to control the energizing circuit of such electromagnet mechanism, brakes carrie'a' d by such cars mechanism for pneumatically operating such brakes, avalve for controllingthe operation of. such neumatic mechanism, means associated wit such valve for closing a low resistance path between the terminals of such electromagnetic mechanism when such valve is in a position topermit the operation of such brakes, and means for opening the o erative circuit of such controller when suc valve is in a osition to prevent the o eration of such bra 'es.

' 6. n a system of train control, a plurality of cars, an electric motor carried byone of suchcars, feeders adapted tosup 1y electric energy to the operating 'circuito such motor, switching mechanism on one of such cars forcontrolling such circuit, conductors extending through the train, an electromagnetic mechanism bridged between two of such conductors and adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on another of such cars for operating such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such cars, mechanism for pneumatically operating such brakes, a valve associated with such controller and adapted to control such pneumatic mechanism, and a switch operated by such valve and adapted to be moved to a position to close a low resistance path between such two conductors when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brakes.

7. In a system of train control, a plurality of cars, an electric motor carried by each of such care, feeders adapted to supply electric 20 I energy to the operating circuits of such mo- .tors, switching mechanism for controlling .such circuits, conductors extending through adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on each of such cars adapted to operate such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by'such cars, mechanism for pneumatically operating 'such brakes, a

I valve associated with each controller and adapted to control such pneumatic mechan-v ism, and a switch operated by each valve, each of such switches adapted to close a low resistance path between such two conduc tors when the associated valve is in a osition to permit the operation of such bra es.

8 In a system of train control, a plurality of cars, an electric motor carried by each of such cars, feeders adapted to supply electric the train, an electromagnetic mechanism bridged between two of such conductors and J adapted to control such switching mechanism; a controller on each of such cars adapted to operate such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes 'carried'by such cars, mechanism for pneumatically operating such brakes, a valve associated with each controller and adapted to control such neumatic mechanism, and a switch operate by'each valve, each of such switches adapted to close a low resistance path between such two conductors when-the associated valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brakes, and each of such switches adapted to open the o erative circuit of the corresponding controller when the associated valveis in a position-to prevent the operation of such brakes.

- 9. In an electric car, the combination of one or more electric motors for driving the car, two motor controllers on said car, a common motor controllin circuit leading to said motor controllers, a rake system, a brake controllin device associated with each motor contro ler, and switchin mechanism mechanically operated by said rake controlling trolling circuit to ren driving-the train, a plurality of motor con' I trollers, a common motor controlling circuit leading to said motor controllers, a brake system, a brake controlling device associated with each motor controller, and switchin ap paratus operated by said brake contro ling devices to render the common motor controlling circuit inoperative in response to the actuation of any one of said controllers when the brake controlling devices are not in proper position for the control of the train by that motor controller.

11. In an electric motor driven railway train, the combination of a brake system, a plurality of brake controlling devices located at difierent points on said train, a pluralit of electric motor controllers located at'di ferent oints on said train, a common motor control circuit leading to all of the motor controllers, and means associated with each brake controlling device to render the motor controlling circuit inoperative whenever such brake controlling device is in a .condition to prevent setting the brakes. --'"12. In an electric motor driven railway train,'the combination of a brake system, a plurality of brake controlling devices located at difierent points on said train, an electric motor controller associated with each of the brake controlling devices, a common motor control circuit leading to all of the motor controllers, and switching mechanism associated with each of said brake controlling devices and connected with said common motor control circuit for rendering the common motor control circuit'inoperative whenever any of the brake controlling devices is in a condition to prevent setting the brakes.

13. In an electric motordriven railway train, the combination of a brake system, a plurality of brake controlling devices located on said train, a plurality of electric motor controllers located on said train, a common motor controlcircuit leading to all of the motor controllers, electromagnetic switching apparatus connected with the common motor control circuit for governing the supply of current to the motor or motors, and switching mechanism associated with each of said brake controlling devices and connected with said common motor control circuit for rendering the common motor control circuit impotent to actuate the electromagnetic switch- 1 0 mg apparatus when any of the brake controlling devices is in a condition to release the brakes.

14. In an electric railway car, the combination of a motor controlling circuit, a brake 5 feeders to the operating circuit of such motor, 1 switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, two controllers on such car each adapted to operate such switching mechanism, brake mechanism carried by such car,

operating mechanism for such brake mechanism, and means associated with such operatin means for rendering such switching mec anism inoperative by circuits adapted to be closed through the motor contro ling circuit, such condition adapted to be produced when such operating means is in a condition to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

17. In combination with a car adapted to 'be electrically driven, a motor therefor,

circuit, such condition adapted to be produced when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

18. In combination with a car adapted to be electrically driven, a motor therefor, means for supplying electric energy from feeders to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, two controllers on such car each adapted to operate such switching mechanism, brakes carried by such car, mechanismfor pneumatically operating such brakes, a valve associated with each controller, each of such valves adapted to control the operation of such pneumatic mechanism, and means associated with each of such valves for rendering such switching mechanism inoperative by circuits ada ted to be closed through the motor control ing circuit, such condition adapted to be produced when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

19. In combination with a car adapted to be electrically driven, a motor therefor, means for supplying electric energy from feeders to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism, adapted to control such switching mechan ism, two controllers on such car each adapted to control the energizing circu t of such electromagnetic mechanism, brake mechanism carried by such car, operating means for such brake mechanism .associated with each controller, and means associated with. each of such operating means for rendering such electromagnetic. mechanism inoperative by circuits adapted to be closed through the motor controlling circuit, such condition ada ted to be produced when such operating mec anism is in a condition to permit the operation of such brake mechanism. a

20. In combination with a car adapted to be electrically driven, a motor therefor, means for supplying electric energy from feeders to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switching mechanism, two controllers onsuch car each adapted to control the energizing circuit of such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried I by such car, mechanism for neumatically operating such brakes, a va ve associated with each controller, each of such valves adapted to control the operation of such pneumatic mechanism, and a switch asso ciated with each of such valves for rendering such electromagnetic mechanism inoperative by circuits adapted to be closed through the motor controlling circuit, such condition adapted to be produced when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

21. In a system of train control, a plurality of cars, an electric motor carried by one of such cars, means for supplying electric energy to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on each of such cars adapted to control the energizing circuit of such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such cars, mechanism for pneumatically operating such brakes, a valve for controlling the o eration of such pneumatic mechanism, an means associated with such valve for rendering such electromagnetic mechanism inoperative by circuits ada ted to be closed through the motor control 'ng circuit, such condition adapted to be produced when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

22. In a system of train control, a lurality of cars, an electric motor carrier by one of such cars, means for supplying electric energy to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, electromagnetic mechanism adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on each of such cars adapted to control the energizing circuit of such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such cars, mechanism for neumatically operating such brakes, a va ve for controlling the operation of such pneumatic mechanism, means associated with such valve for rendering such electromagnetic mechanism inoperative by circuits adapted to be closed through the motor controlling circuit, such condition adaptedto-be produced when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brake mechanism, and means for opening the operative circuit of the associated controller when such valve is in a position to prevent the operation of such brakes.

23. In a system of train control, a lurality of cars, an electric motor carried l iy one of such cars, feeders adapted to supply electric energy to the operating circuit of such motor, switching mechanism on one of. such cars for controlling such circuit, conductors extending through the train, an electromagnetic mechanism in circuit ,with suchconductors and adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on another of such cars for operating'such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such cars, mechanism for pneumatically operating such brakes, a valve associated with such controller and adapted to control such neumatic mechanism, and a switch operated by such valve and adaptedto render such electroma netic mechanism inoperative by circuits c osed through the conductors used in operating such electromagnetic mechanism, such condition adapted to be produced when such valve is in a position to permit the operation of such brakes.

24. In a system of train control, a plurality of cars, an'electric motor carried, by each oi such cars,

feeders adapted to supplyielectric energy to the. operating circuits of such motors, switching mechanism for controlling .such circuits, conductors extending through,

the train, an electromagnetic mechanism in circuit with such-conductors and adapted to,

control such switching mechanism, a controller on each of such cars adapted to operate such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such cars, mechanism for pneumatically'operating such brakes, a valve associated with each controller and-adapted to control suchpneumatic mechanism, and a switch operated by each valve, each of such switches adapted to render such electromagnetic mechanism inoperative by circuits closed through the conductors used in operatin such'electrom'agnetic mechanism, such con ition adapted to be roduced when the valve associated with suc switch is in a position to permit the operation of such brakes.

25. In a system of train control, a plurality of cars, an electric motor carried by each of such cars, feeders adapted to supply elec tric energy to the operating circuits of such motor, switching mechanism for controlling such circuits, conductors extending through the train, an electromagneticmechanism in circuit with such conductors and adapted to control such switching mechanism, a controller on each of such cars adapted to operate such electromagnetic mechanism, brakes carried by such cars, mechanism for pneumatically operating such brakes, a valve associated with each controller and adapted to control such pneumatic mechanism, and a switch operated by each valve, each of such switches ada ted to render such electromagnetic mec anism inoperative by circuits closed through the conductors used in oper atin such electroma netic mechanlsm, such be electrically. driven,- a controller for,oper

ating the car, electromagnetic mechanism I con ition adapted to e produced when such to be operated by such controller in such operation, air'brakes on the car, a main operating valve for such brakes associated with such controller, supply and train pipe connections from the brake system of the car to such main valve, auxiliary-control valves in such supply and train pipe connec tions, and means associated with such auxiliary control valves for closing a low resistance path between the terminals of such electromagnetic mechanism when such auxiliary control valves are in a position to permit the operation of such brake mechanism.

27. In combination with a train of cars adapted to be electrically driven, a con troller on each of such carsforoperating the train, electromagneticmechanism adapted to be operated by each controller in such operation, air brakes on the train, a main operating valve for such brakes associated with one of such controllers, supply and train pipe connections from the brake sys tem of the train'to such main valve, auxil iary control valves. in such supply and train pipe connections, and means associated with such auxiliary control valves for closing of such electromagnetic mechanism when such auxiliary control valves are in a position to permit the operation ofsuch brakes.

28. In combination with a train adapted to be electrically driven, feeders adapted to supply electric energy to the operating circuit of the motors thereof, switching mechanism on one of the cars of the train for controlling the operating circuit of such motors, conductors extending through the train, an electromagnetic mechanism bridged between two of such conductors and adapted to control such switching mechanism, a con troller on another of such cars for operating such electromagnetic mechanism, air. brakes on the train, a main operating valve for such brakes associated with suchcontroller, sup ly and train pi e connections from the bra e system of t e train to such main valve, auxiliarycontrol valves in such supply and train pipe connections, and a switch operated by one of such auxiliary control a, low resistance path between the terminals valves and adapted to be moved to a position to close a low resistance path between such two conductors when the auxiliary valve operating such switch is in a position to permit the operation of such brakes.

29. In combination with a car adapted to be electrically driven, two controllers for operating the car, a common motor controlling circuit leading to said motor controllers, air brakes on the car, a main operating valve for such brakes associated with each controller, supply and train pipe connections from the brake system of the car to each of such main valves, auxiliary control valves in such supply and train pipe connections, and switching mechanism mechanically operated by such auxiliary control valves and operating upon said motor controlling circuit to render either electric motor controller inoperative when theauxiliary control valves are not in theirv roper position for the control of the car by t at motor controller.

30. In combination with a car adapted to be electrically driven, means for supplying electric energy from feeders to the operat ng circuit of the motor thereof, switching mechanism for controlling such circuit, two controllers on such car each adapted to operate such switching mechanism, air brakes on the car, a main operating valve for such brakes, supply and train pipe connections from the brake system of the car to such main valve, auxiliary control valves in such supply and train pipe connections, and means associated with such auxiliary control valves for rendering such switching mechanism inoperative by circuits adapted to be closed through the motor controlling circuit, such condition adapted to be produced when such auxiliary control valves are in a condition to permit the operation of such brakes.

31. In a an electric motor driven railway train, the combination of a brake system, a plurality of brake controlling devices located at different points on said train, a plurality of electric motor controllers located at difierent points on said train, a common motor control circuit leading to all of the motor controllers, and means positively operated by each brake controlling device to render the motor controlling circuit inoperative whenever the associated brake controlling device is not in a proper running position.

32. In an electric motor driven railway train, the combination of a brake system, a plurality of brake controlling devices located at diiierent points on said train, an electrical motor controller associated with each of the brake controlling devices, a common motor control circuit leadin to all of the motor controllers, and switching mechanism positively operated by each of saidbrake controlling devices and connected with said common motor control circuit for rendering the common motor control circuit inoperative whenever any of the brake controlling devices is not in its proper running position.

33. In an electric motor driven railway train, the combination of a brake system, a plurality of brake controlling devices located on said train, a plurality of electric motor controllers located on said train, a common motor control circuit leading to all of the motor controllers, electromagnetic switching apparatus connected with the common mo tor control circuit for governing the supply of current to the motor or motors, and switching mechanism directly operated by each of said brake controlling devices and connected with said common motor control circuit for rendering the common motor control circuit impotent to actuate the electromagnetic switching apparatus whenever any of the brake controlling devices is not in its proper running position.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 27th day of November, A. D.,

ADOLPH H. DAUS.

Witnesses: I

- EDWIN T. MUNGER,

HARLEY A. JOHNSON. 

